Actionable Checklist Before You Buy Land in Nigeria

This is actionable Checklist Before You Buy Land in Nigeria. Buying land in Nigeria can be safe and rewarding if you follow due diligence at every step. Use this checklist to avoid fraud, disputes, or demolition risk.

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Step 1: Verify the Seller’s Identity

• Ask for government-issued ID (e.g., NIN, International Passport).
• Confirm that the seller is the rightful owner or authorized representative.
• Check family lands for consent from principal members.

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Step 2: Inspect the Title Documents

• Certificate of Occupancy (C of O)
• Deed of Assignment
• Gazette
• Survey Plan (confirm beacons match physical boundaries)
• Excision (if applicable)

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Step 3: Confirm at the Land Registry

• Conduct a search at the State Land Registry.
• Verify that the land is free from government acquisition, litigation, or prior sale.
• Check for encumbrances (e.g., mortgages or court cases).

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Step 4: Physical Site Inspection

• Visit the land in person.
• Confirm land boundaries and beacons.
• Check for ongoing disputes (local community, “omo onile” issues).
• Ensure there is physical access (road, right of way).

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Step 5: Community & Family Verification

• Speak with local chiefs, community leaders, or neighbors.
• Ask about past disputes or multiple sales.
• Confirm seller’s family consent if it is family land.

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Step 6: Hire Professionals

• Real estate lawyer (for document verification & agreements).
• Licensed surveyor (to confirm land survey & government records).
• Estate agent (if trusted, for negotiation & liaison).

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Step 7: Secure a Written Agreement

• Draft a Deed of Assignment or Contract of Sale.
• Ensure it is signed by all parties and witnessed.
• Register the agreement at the appropriate land registry.

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Step 8: Make Payments Safely

• Avoid cash payments.
• Use bank transfer for traceability.
• Collect receipts for every payment.

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Step 9: Perfect Your Title

• File your documents for Governor’s Consent (where applicable).
• Register the property at the State Land Registry.
• Keep copies of all approvals and receipts.

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Step 10: Secure Your Land

• Fence the land (even partially) to prevent encroachment.
• Place a caretaker or notice sign if development won’t start immediately.

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✅ Quick Download

👉 Download the Nigerian Land-Buying Checklist (PDF)

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